Tallinn Old Town, Tallinn

Tallinn Old Town, Tallinn

Vanalinn or Old Town of Tallinn is one of the best preserved medieval cities in northern Europe.

Vanalinn or Old Town of Tallinn is one of the best preserved medieval cities in northern Europe. Founded in the 13th century when a castle was built on Toompea by the crusading knights of the Teutonic Order, Tallinn (then known as Reval) developed as a major centre of the Hanseatic League. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for being a 'complete and well preserved example of a medieval northern European trading city', and aiding the formation of 'an international secular-ecclesiastical culture resulting from the interchange of Cistercians, Dominicans, the Teutonic Order and the traditions of the Hanseatic League'. Tallinn's opulent architecture is reflective of its history of Danish and Russian invaders, and wealthy German merchants settling here. Explore the medieval cathedrals, art galleries, and museums dotting the cobblestone streets, and experience the charm of the city.

The medieval heart of Tallinn is divided into –

• Toompea or Upper Town, a limestone hill that rises 20-30 metres higher than surroundings where the founding stronghold of the city was erected. Historically, the most important buildings of political and religious power were built here. Highlights are the Toompea Castle which is the seat of the Riigikogu (Parliament), Pikk Hermann Tower, Stenbock House - the official seat of the Government of Estonia, Russian Orthodox Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, St Mary's Cathedral, Kalev's grave, and The Estonian Academy of Sciences in the Ungern-Sternberg Palace.
• Lower Town, which is the area enclosed by the medieval city walls as well as 17th century fortifications, extending up to the port. It is filled with commercial and residential buildings. Highlights include Freedom Square, St Olaf's Church, Viru Gate, Tallinn Town Hall, Holy Spirit Church, St Catherine's Monastery, Niguliste Museum, and Kiek in de Kök Museum.